PREPOSITIONS

THE BODY

WRITING.- Shopping for the best quality and price

Shopping for the Best Quality and Price

Some people see price as more important than quality while others try to buy things that are of good quality and not too expensive. It is often true that better quality items will usually last longer but they usually cost more money. It is a good idea to wait for special discounts to get both the right price and quality. Special discounts are common around the same time as public holidays or celebrations such as Christmas and New Year.

Items which are popular must be bought quickly or it is likely that the shop will run out of stock. Items which are very rarely bought are sometimes lowered in price to encourage customers to buy them and allow for the shop to make space for new stock. Most shops sell similar items. The big superstores may sell things cheaper than smaller shops. 

Not everyone has money to enjoy shopping. It is common for shops to have thieves try to take things without paying. Shops usually have a security tag on their items to stop thieves from taking them without paying at the till. The products with the highest value are more likely to be security tagged. A sales assistant will take off the security tag when the item is paid for by the customer.

Items bought regularly are often on sale or part of a special promotion. It is difficult to get a good deal with luxury items as these are rarely lowered in price. People often buy luxury items in the New Year sale as the sale price can be up to 50% off the original price.

A customer should be careful when paying for goods. Some smaller shops may charge 5% extra for credit card transactions so cash should be used to save money.

READING COMPRENHENSION

Click on the following link below and read the following text about SHOPPING.

SHOPPING READING TEST

SHOPS

QUESTION WORDS

QUESTIONS WORDS

What?	¿Qué?	How?	¿Cómo?
Which?	¿Qué? ¿Cúal?	How far?	¿A qué distancia?
Who?	¿Quién?	How long?	¿Cuánto tiempo?
Whose?	¿De quién?	How much?	¿Cuánto?
When?	¿Cuándo?	How many?	¿Cuántos /as?
Where?	¿Dónde?	What time?	¿A qué hora?
Why?	¿Por qué?	Whom?	¿Quién?

CLASSROOM LANGUAGE

JOB INTERVIEW

JOB INTERVIEW

Mr Smith: Hello, good morning! Please take a seat.

You: Good morning, thank you!

Mr Smith: So, María, you have applied for the job of waitress. And why have applied for this job?

You: Well, next year I'm going to study Tourism at the University and I think this job would be a great experience.

Mr Smith: What experience have you got? Have you done this job before?

You: Well, to be honest I do not have much experience as I am very young and so far I have been studying but last year I worked in a supermarket during the summer so I have some experience of customer service.

Mr Smith: And what exactly did you have to do at that job? Can you please explain what you did?

You: Well, I had to help customers find the products that they were looking for. I also worked at the cash desk and organized refunds for customers.

Mr Smith: And why do you thing you are suitable for this job?

You: Well, errrh, I consider myself to be very friendly, open-minded and sociable so I would love making customers feel welcomed and comfortable. I'm also very hard-working and reliable.

Mr Smith: Ok, I see. And what are your skills?

You: Well, I can speak fluent English and a bit of Portuguese and French so I wouldn't have any problems dealing with foreign customers.

Mr Smith: Yes, speaking foreign languages is very important for this job as we have lots of English tourists in summer.

Right, as you know our restaurant opens very early and closes late at weekends, so would you be available to work extra hours?

You: Oh, that's no problems at all. I am a student so in summer I have a lot of free time.

Mr Smith: Right, I think you are a good candidate so you have been selected.

You'll start tomorrow morning at 8 o'clock.

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You: Oh, thank you very much. I'll be there on time. I'll do my best, I'm sure you won't be disappointed. Thank you very much.

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

EXERCISES

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS

AFFIRMATIVE	NEGATIVE	QUESTION
I have been working You have been working He/She/It has been working We have been working You have been working They have been working	I haven’t been working You haven’t been working He/She/It hasn’t been working We haven’t been working You haven’t been working They haven’t been working	Have I been working? Have you been working? Has he/she/it been working? Have we been working? Have you been working? Have they been working?

El Present Perfect Continuous se emplea para:

1.- Describir una actividad o acción que acaba de parar o que ha sucedido recientemente.

The ground is wet. It has been raining.

(El suelo está mojado. Ha estado lloviendo)

2.- Decribir una actividad que comenzó en el pasado y continúa hasta ahora. En este caso, lo traducimos por “llevo trabajando, llevo aprendiendo, lleva lloviendo…”

How long has it been raining? It’s been raining for two hours.

(¿cuánto tiempo lleva lloviendo? Lleva lloviendo dos horas.

HOW LONG …..? ¿Cuánto tiempo llevas….?

How long have you been learning English? I’ve been learning English since I was 3 years old.

FOR + a period of time (for two hours, for ages, for so long, for 3 years, …)

SINCE + a date (since 8 o`clock, since I was little, since 2009, …)

Click on the following links to practise PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

1.- Use of PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS

2.- Verb Tenses Exercises

3.- Present Perfect Continuous

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

AFFIRMATIVE	NEGATIVE	INTERROGATIVE
I HAVE FINISHED YOU HAVE FINISHED HE/SHE/IT HAS FINISHED WE HAVE FINISHED YOU HAVE FINISHED THEY HAVE FINISHED	I HAVEN'T FINISHED YOU HAVEN'T FINISHED HE/SHE/IT HASN'T FINISHED WE HAVEN'T FINISHED YOU HAVEN'T FINISHED THEY HAVEN'T FINISHED	HAVE I FINISHED? HAVE YOU FINISHED? HAS HE/SHE/IT FINISHED? HAVE WE FINISHED? HAVE YOU FINISHED? HAVE THEY FINISHED?

·          El Presente Perfecto Simple se forma con el Auxiliar HAVE/HAS + PASADO PARTICIPIO

·          El Pasado Participio de los verbos regulares acaba en -d/-ed, igual que el pasado simple (stopped, finished,started, lived, watched,...)

·          El Pasado Participio de los verbos irregulares es la 3ª columna de la tabla de verbos irregulares.

·          Se traduce como: he comido, has vivido, ha trabajado,...

¿PARA QUÉ USAMOS EL PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE?

·          Expresa acciones que comenzaron en el pasado pero aún continúan en el presente. Por ejemplo:

                today                                   I have lived in this town since I was little          I've drunk two cups of coffee today.

past                               now                    She has learned English for 6 years.

EXPRESIONES DE TIEMPO                . TIME EXPRESSIONS.

recently	I haven't gone to the cinema recently
so far	We have collected 50€ for the trip to Paris so far.
in the last few days	I've learned a lot of English in the last few days.
Since + a date	My parents have lived in Montijo since they got married.
For + a period of time	They've played football for 10 years.

HOW LONG HAVE YOU....?    ¿Cuánto tiempo llevas ...? / ¿Cuánto tiempo hace que...?

How long have you known your best friend?

HAVE YOU EVER ...?                                 ¿Alguna vez has ...?

Have you ever ridden a horse?

Have you ever driven a British car?

ADVERVIOS QUE SUELEN IR CON PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE. ADVERBS

ALREADY	YA	I've already done my English homework
YET	TODAVÍA, AÚN (oraciones negativas)	She hasn't finished eating yet.
YET	Ya (oraciones interrogativas)	Have you finished yet?
STILL	TODAVÍA	We still haven't met the new teacher.
JUST	ACABAR DE...	I have just seen an accident